ATOCI: Appletons Elements of Chemistry [AEC]

Appletons Elements of Chemistry.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I,INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

I. INTRODUCTION 1
II. THE CONSTITUTION OIL MATTER. 8
III, HYAROGEN. 14
IV, OXYGEN. 24
V. WATER. 32
VI. NITROGEN AND THE ATMOSPHERE. 49
VII, AMMONIA AND THE OXIDRS OF NITROGEN. 55
VIII. ATOMIC WEIGHTS AND CHEMICAL FORMULAE. 66
IX. CARBON. 74
X. CARBON (continued). 90
XI. COMBINATION BY VOLUME. 99
XII. VALENCY. 105
XIII. THE CHLORINE GROUP. 111
XIV. THE CHLORINE GROUP (continued). 122
XV, SULPHUR. 132
XVI, SULPHUR (continued). 141
XVII. PHOSPHORUS. 151
XVIII. ARSENIC, BORON, AND SILICON. 159
XIX. INTRODUCTORY TO THE METALS. 172
XX. THE METALS OF THE ALKALIES. 183
XXI, SILVER AND THALLIUM. 196
XXII. CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, AND BARIUM. 205
XXIII. SPECTRUM ANALYSIS. 213
XXIV, GLUCINUM, MAGNESIUM, ZINC, CADMIUM, AND MERCURY. 222
XXV. THE ALUMINUM GROUP. 232
XXVI. THE TETRAD METALS. 239
XXVII. THE ANTIMONY GROUP. 246
XXVIII. THE CHROMIUM GROUP. 253
XXIX. MANGANESE AND IRON. 262
XXX. NICKEL, COBALT, AND COPPER. 273
XXXI. GOLD, AND THE PLATINUM GROUP. 250

PART II. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
XXXII. PRELIMINARY OUTLINE. 235
XXXIII. CYANOGEN AND CARBONYL COMPOUNDS. 291
XXXIV. THE METHANE SERIES. 296
XXXV. THE FATTY ACIDS. 303
XXXVI. THE OLEFINES. 310
XXXVII. GLYCERIN AND TILE FATS. 316
XXXVIII. THE CARBOHYDRATES.• 322
XXXIX. THE BENZENE DERIVATIVES. 329
XL. THE TERPENE, CAMPHORS, ALKALOIDS, AND GLUCOSIDES. 338
XLI. ANIMAL CHEMISTRY, FERMENTATION. 344
APPENDIX I. COMPARATIVE TABLE OF ENGLISH AND METRIC MEASURES, THERMOMETRIC RULES. 351
APPENDIX II. QUESTIONS AND EXERCISES. 353

Absorption spectra, 218
Acetone, 309
Acetyl, 307
Acetyl chloride, 308
Acetylene, 81
Acid, 60
Acid, acetic, 305
Acid, acrylic, 32I
Acid, antimonic, 248
Acid, antimonious, 248
Acid, arabic, 327
Acid, arsenic, 162
Acid, arsenious, 161
Acid, benzoic, 333
Acid, boric, 164
Acid, bromic, 128
Acid, camphoric, 339
Acid, carbamic, 295
Acid, carbolic, 332
Acid, carbonic, 93
Acid, chloracetic, 308
Acid, chloric, 124
Acid, chlorous, 124
Acid, chromic, 254
Acid, cinnamic, 335
Acid, citric, 315
Acid, columbic, 252
Acid, Cyanic, 294
Acid, cyanuric, 294
Acid, dithionic, 141
Acid, ethylsulphuric, 300
Acid, ferric, 270
Acid, gallic, 343
Acid, glycollic, 311
Acid, hydriodic, 130
Acid, hydrobromic, 128
Acid, hydrochloric, 218
Acid, hydrocyanic, 97, 291
Acid, hydroferrocyanic, 293
Acid, hydrofluoric, 112
Acid, hydrofluosilicic, 167
Acid, hydrosulphuric, 136
Acid, hypobromous, 123
Acid, hypochlorous, 123
Acid, hyponitric, 64
Acid, hypophosphorous, 155
Acid, iodic, 13O.
Acid, lactic, 312
Acid, malic, 314
Acid, mangaric, 263
Acid, margaric, 319
Acid, meconic, 340
Acid, metaphosphoric, 156
Acid, molybdic, 257
Acid, muriatic, 118
Acid, nitric, 58
Acid, nitrous, 6x
Acid, oleic, 319
Acid, oxalic, 312
Acid, palnlitic, 319
Acid, pentathionic, 141
Acid, perbromic, 128
Acid, perchloric, 127
Acid, periodic, 130
Acid, permanganic, 263
Acid, phosphoric, 155
Acid, phosphorous, 155
Acid, picric, 331
Acid, prussic, 97, 201
Acid, pyrophosphoric, 156
Acid, pyrosulphuric, 141, 147
Acid, salicylic, 333
Acid, selenic, 249
Acid, selenious, 149
Acid, silicic, 170
Acid, stannic, 241
Acid, stearic, 319
Acid, succinic, 313
Acid, sulphocarbonic, 295
Acid, sulphocyanic, 294
Acid, sulphuric, 142
Acid, sulphurous, 239
Acid, sylvic, 338
Acid, tannic, 343
Acid, tantalic, 252
Acid, tartaric, 314
Acid, telluric, 150
Acid, tc[Iurous, 150
Acid, tetrathionic, 141
Acid, thiosull huric, 141
Acid, trithionic, 141
Acid, tungstic, 257
Acid, vanadic, 247
Aconitine, 341
Acrolein, 320
Aesculin. 341, 343
Agate, 168
Air, 51, 53
Alabaster, 209
Albumen, 344
Albuminoids, 344
Alcohol, allyl, 21
Alcohol, amyl, 300
Alcohol, butyl, 300
Alcohol, cetyl, 300
Alcohol, ethyl, 298
Alcohol, melissyl, 300
Alcohol, methyl, 098
Alcohol, propyl, 300
Aldehyde, 304
Aldehyde, cinnamic, 335
Aldehyde, salicylic, 333
Alizarin, 336
Alkali, 6o, t84
Alkaloids, 339
Allotropy, 29
Alloys, fusible, 250
Allyl, alcohol, 321
Allyl, sulphide, 321
Allyl, sulphocyanide, 321
Alum, 234
Alumina, 233
Aluminum, 232
Aluminum, bronze, 233
Aluminum, hydroxide, 233
Aluminum, sulphate, 234
Amalgam, 229
Amethyst, 168, 233
Amides, 308
Amidobenzene, 331
Amidotoluene, 334.
Amines, 288
Ammonia, 55, 65, 193
Ammonium, 193
Ammonium, carbonate, 195
Ammonium, chloride, 56, 193
Ammonium, cyanate, 2g4
Ammonium, hydrosulphide, ig4
Ammonium, hydroxide, 193
Ammonium, moiybdale, 257
Ammonium, nitrate, 194
Ammonium, phosphate, 193
Ammonium, sulphate, 55, 194
Ammonium, sulphide, 194
Ammonium, sulphocyanate, 295
Amygdalin, 342
Amyl, acetate, 306
Amyl, alcohol, 300
Amyl, valerate, 306
Analysis. 8
Anhydrides, 140
Aniline, 331
Anthracene, 336
Anthracite, 79
Antichlor, 140
Antimony, 247
Antimony, cinnabar, 250
Antimony, chlorides, 248
Antimony, hydride, 249
Antimony, oxides, 248
Antimony, sulphides, 248
Antozone, 31
Apatite, 151
Apomorphine, 340
Apple-oil, 306
Aqua ammonia, 57, 193
Aqua fortis, 54
Aquamarine, 222
Aqua regia, 121
Arsenic, 139
Arsenic, compounds of, 161, 162
Arseniuretted hydrogen, 160
Arsenopyrite, 159
Arsines, 160, 289
Artiads, 157
Atmosphere, 53
Atom, 12
Atomic heat, 259
Atomic theory, 69
Atomic weight, 66
Atomic weights, table of, 9
Atomicity, 105
Atropine, 31I
Avogadro's law, 103
Babbit's metal, 248
Baling-powders, 94, 200, 312, 314
Barium, 205
Barium, compounds of, 211, 212
Barytes, 212
Base, 61
Beeswax, 300
Belladonna, 341
Benzaldehyde, 332, 343
Benzene, 329,.'
Berthollet's laws, 200
Beryl, 222
Beryllium, 222
Bessemer steel, 269
Bismuth, 250
Bismuth, compounds of, 251
Black-ash process, 188
Black-lead, 76
Blanc-fixe, 211
Blast-furnace, 266
Bleaching, 117, 123, 138
Bleaching-powder, 123
Blende, 225
Blood, 345
Blooming, 265
Blow-pipe, compound, 34
Blow-pipe, mouth, 86
Blue vitriol, 277
Bone-black, 77
Borax, 165
Bornite, 275
Boron, 163
Boyle and Mariottc's law, 22
Brass, 226
Brick, 236
Brimstone, 134
Britannia metal, 241, 248
Bromine, 127
Bronze, 240
Brucine, 342
Brucite, 224
Brunswick-green, 162
Bunsen burner, 36
Burnettizing, 227
Butane, 296
Butyl alcohol, 300
Cadmium, 227
Cadmium, compounds of, 228
Casium, 184, 217
Caffine, 339
Calamine, 225
Calcium, 205
Calcium, carbonate, 207
Calcium, chloride, 210
Calcium, fluoride, 209
Calcium, hydroxide, 206
Calcium, hypochlorite, 123
Calcium, oxide, 206
Calcium, phosphate, 151, 209
Calcium, sulphate, 208
Calcium, sulphide, 188
Calomel, 230
Camphor, 339
Caramel, 324
Carbamide, 294
Carbohydrates, 322
Carbon, 74
Carbon, dioxide, 91
Carbon, monoxide, 90
Carbon, sulphide, 149
Carbonado, 75
Carbonic oxide, 90
Carbonyl, 295
Carburetted hydrogen, 81
Carnelian, 163
Carre's ice-machine, 58
Casein, 345
Cassiterite, 239
Cast-iron, 266
Catalysis, 26
Cellulose, 327
Cement, 207
Cerium, 237
Cetyl alcohol, 300
Chalcedony, 168
Chalk, 206
Chalybile, 264
Chameleon mineral, 264
Change, chemical, 1
Change, physical, 1
Charcoal, 76
Chemical attraction, 6
Chemical calculations, 71
Chemical combination, 3
Chemical decomposition, 4
Chemical formulae, 70
Chemism, 6
Chemistry defined, 6, 12
Chili saltpeter, 289
Chinoline, 341
Chlorhydrins, 318
Chloride of lime. 123
Chlorine, 113
Chlorine, acids of, 722
Chlorine, oxides, 122, 125
Chloroform, 302
Choke-damp, 95
Chondrin, 346
Chrotnates, 255
Chrome alum, 254
Chrome, orange, 257
Chrome, red, 257
Chrome, yellow, 256
Chromite, 253
Chromium, 253
Chromium, compounds of, 253
Chrysoberyl, 222
Chrysolite, 169
Cinchonine, 340
Cinnabar, 228
Cinnamene, 334
Cincamnic aldehyde, 335
Coal, 79
Coal, gas, 82
Coal, Oil, 79
Coal, tar, 82
Coal, tar colors, 332
Cobalt, 273
Cobalt, salts of, 274
Cobalticyanides, 294
Cocoa, 340
Codeine, 340
Coffee, 339
Coinage, 198
Coke, 79
Collodion, 328
Colloid, 171
Columbium, 252
Combination, by volume, 99
Combination, chemical, 3
Combining weights, 68
Combustion, 26
Compounds, 9
Compound blow-pipe, 34
Compound radicles, 97
Coniferine, 343
Coniferyl alcohol, 343
Conine, 339
Copper, 275
Copper acetate, 306
Copper compounds in general, 277
Copper formate, 4
Copper pyrites, 275
Copper sulphide, 23
Copper as, 270
Coral, 206
Corrosive sublimate, 230
Corundum, 233
Cream of tartar, 314
Crith, 29, 72
Cryolite, 122, x85, 235
Crystallization from fusion, 134
Crystallization, water of, 48, x65
Crystalloid, 171
Cupellation, I98
Cuprammonium, 278
Cuprous compounds, 277
Cyanides 97, 291
Cyanogen 97, 291
Cyanogen chlorides, 294
Davy's safety-lamp, 89
Decane, 296
Decomposition, 4
Definite proportions, 62
Deliquescence, 48
Density of gases, 1o0
Density of solids and liquids, 44
Dextrin, 327
Dextrose, 325
Dialysis, 110
Diamond, 75
Didyinium, 327
Dinitrobenzene, 332
Direct-vision spectroscope, 227
Disinfectants, 77, 117, 123, 133
Dissociation, 194
Distillation, 46
Distillation, fractional, 299
Dolomite, 223
Double decomposition, 4, 200, 235
Dulong and Petit's law, 259
Dinansite, 320
Efflorescence, 48
Electrochemical relies, 176
Electrolysis, 36, 174
Electroplating, 203
Electrotype, 277
Elements, nature of, 221
Elements, table of, 9
Emerald, 569, 222, 233
Emery, 233
Emulsion, 342
Erbium, 237
Erythrite, 356
Ether, 301
Ethers, mixed, 301
Ethyl, alcohol, 298
Ethyl butyrate, 306
Ethyl oxide, 301
Ethylene, 81
Fats, 318
Fatty acids, 303
Feldspar, 169, 236
Fermentation, 347
Ferric compounds, 271
Ferrous compounds, 270
Fibrin, 345
Filtration, 45
Fire-clay, 236
Firedamp, 80
Flame, 84
Flint, 168
Fluorescence, 341
Fluorine, 111
Fluor-spar, 112
Force, 5
Formulae, chemical, 70
Formulae, structural, 107
Fractional distillation, 299
Fraunhofer's lines, 218
Fraxin, 343
Fruit-ethers, 306
Fusel-oil, 300
Fusible alloys, z5o
Galena, 242
Gallium, 237
Galvanized iron, 226
Garnet, 169_
Gas, illuminating, 32
Gas, laughing, 63
Gas calculations, 21
Gas-carbon, 76
Gases, condensation of, 22
Gasses, expansion of, 20
Gasoline, 297
Gastric juice, 346
Gelatin, 346
German-siIver, 226, 273
Glass, 169
Glucinum; 222
Glucose, 325
Glucosides, 342
Glue, 346
Gluten, 346
Glycerin, 328
Glycols, 311
Gold, 280
Gold, chloride, 282
Granite, 169
Grape-sugar, 325
Graphite, 76
Green vitriol, 270
Grotto del Cane,95
Guarana, 339
Gum-arabic, 327
Gun-cotton, 327
Gunpowder, common, 192
Gunpowder, white, 125
Gypsum, 208
Hemoglobin, 345
Heat and chemical change, 5
Heavy spar, 211
Hermatin, 345
Hermatite, 264
Heptane, 296
Hexane, 296
Homologous series, 287
Hornblende, 169
Hyacinth, 239
Hydraulic lime, 206
Hydrocarbons, 79, 287
Hydrogen, 23
Hydrogen chloride, x18_
Hydrogen fluoride, II2
Hydrogen oxides, 14
Hydroxyl, 148
Hyoscyamiue, 342
Ice, 43
Ice-machines, 58
Iceland-spar, 207
Illuminating gas, 82
Indigo, 335
Indium, 237
Ink, 270, 343
Ink, India, 77
printer's, 77
Iodine, 128
Iodine pentoxide, 130
Iodoform, 302
Iridium, 234
Iron, 264
Iron, oxides, 270, 271
Iron, pyrites, 271
Iron, salts of, 270
Iron, scale, 271
Iron, sulphide, 270
Isomerism, 289
Kaolin, 236
Kerosene, 297
Ketones, 309
Labarraque's solution, 123
Lac-sulphur, 134
Lactose, 324
Lamp, safety, 89
Lamp, spirit, 86
Lamp-black, 77
Lanthanum, 237
Lapis-lazuli, 235
Laurite, 282
Law of Avogahro, is
Law of Boyle and Mariotte 22
Law of definite proportions, 62
Law of Dulong and Petit, 255
Law of multiple proportions, 62
Law two-volume, 100
Laws, Berihollet's, 200
Lead, 241
Lead, acetate, 306
Lead, chromate, 256
Lead, salts of, in general, 243, 244
Lead-chamber crystals, 147
Lead-tree, 245
Leather, 343
Legumin, 346
Lepidolite, 184
Levulose, 325
Lime, 206
Lime-light, 35
Lime-water, 91
Limonite, 264
Litharge, 244
Lithium, 184
Madder, 336
Magenta, 332
Magnesia, 223, 224
Magnesite, 224
Magnesium, 223
Magnesium, compounds of, 223, 224
Magnetite, 254
Malachite, 275
Manganese, 262
Manganese, oxides, 262, 263
Manganese, salts of, 262, 253
Manganite, 262
Mannite, 316
Margarin, 319
Marsh-gas, 79
Marsh's test for arsenic, 161
Matter, 5
Melissyi alcohol, 300
Melting-point table, 173
Mendeejell's classification, 180, 181
Mercaplans, 301
Mercury, 228
Mercury, oxides, 220
Mercury, salts of, 230
Metals, 20, 172
Methane, 79
Methane series, 296
Methyl, alcohol, 298
Methyl, chloride, 302
Methyl, salicylate, 333
Methylbenzene, 334
Mica, 169
Milk, 345
Minium, 244
Molecular weight, 72
Molecule, 11, 12
Molybdenum, 257
Morphine, 340
Mortar, 207
Mouth blow-pipe, 86
Multiple proportion, 62
Naphtha, 297
Naphthalene. 336
Naphthalene-yellow, 336
Narcotise, 340
Nascent state, 299
Nature of the elements, 221
Nebular hypothesis, 221
Nickel, 273
Nickel, compounds of, 274
Nicotine, 339
Niobium, 252
Nitrates, 58
Nicer, 191
Nitrobenzene, 331
Nitrocellulose, 327
Nitrogen, 49
Nitrogen, bromide, 128
Nitrogen, Chloride, 127
Nitrogen, iodide, 130
Nitrogen, oxides, 62-64
Nitroglycerin, 320
Nitrosyl chloride, 121
Nitrotoluene, 334
Non-metals, 10
Nux vomica, 341
Oils, essential, 338
Oils, fatty, 318
Olefines, 310
01ein, 3x9
Onyx, 165
Opal, 168
Opium 340
Orpiment, 163
Osmium, 284
Oxygen, 24
Oxyhydrogen blow-pipe 34
Ozone, 29, 104
Palladium, 284.
Palmitin, 319
Paraffin, 296
Paris-green, x61
Pectin, 327
Pentane, 297
Pepsin, 346
Peptones, 346
Perissads, 157
Peruvian bark, 340
Petroleum, 74, 297
Phenol, 330
Phenyl, 332
Phenylamine, 334
Phenylethylene, 334
Phloridzin, 343
Phosphates, 256
Phosphine, 154, 289
Phosphorus, 151
Phosphorus chlorides, 157
Phosphorus hydrides, 154
Phosphorus oxides, 155
Phosphorus oxychloride, 158
Photography, 201
Photolithography, 256
Plant-respiration, 97
Plaster, 207
Plaster of Paris, 209
Platinocyanides, 294
Platinum, 282
Platinum chloride, 283
Plumbago, 76
Polymerism, 290
Populin, 343
Porcelain, 236
Porcelain-glass, 235
Potash, 190
Potassium, 133, 189
Potassium bicarbonate, 191
Potassium bromide, 592
Potassium carbonate, 190
Potassium chlorate, 224, 191
Potassium chloride, 191
Potassium cloropIatinate, 283
Potassium chromates, 255
Potassium cynide, 292
Potassium ferricynide 293
Potassium ferrocynide, 292
Potassium hydroxide, 190
Potassium iodide, 191
Potassium nitrate, 191
Potassium oxides, 190
Potassium perchlorate, 127
Potassium permanganate, 264
Potassium silicate, 169
Potassium sulphocyanate, 294
Potassium tartrates, 324
Pottery, 236
Pressure, effect on gases, 22
Propane, 296
Propyl alcohol, 300
Prussian blue, 293
Puddling, 265
Purpurin, 336
Putrification 347
Pyridine, 341
Pyrolusite, 262
Pyrotechny, 220
Pyroxylin, 327
Quantivalence, 105
Quartation, 280
Quartz, 168
Quicklime, 206
Quicksilver, 228
Quinine, 340
Realgar, 162
Red-lead, 244
Respiration, 28
Reversal of sodium-lime, 219
Rhodium, 284
Rinmann's green, 274
Rochelle salt, 324
Rock-crystal, 163
Rosanilin, 332
Rosin, 338
Rubidium, 184, 217
Ruby, 233
Ruthenium, 284
Safety-lamp, 89
Salicin, 342
Salicyl aldehyde, 333
Saligenin, 342
Sal-soda, 181
Salt, common, 185
Salt-cake, 187
Saltpeter, 191
Salts, defined, 61
Samarium, 238
Sand, 168
Sapphire, 233
Saratoga water, 45
Scales, thermometric, 42
Scandium, 237
Seidlitz-powder, 324
Selenite, 208
Selenium, 149
Serpentine, 223
Silica, 268
Silicates, 269
Silicon, i.66
Silicon, compounds of, 267
Silver, 196
Silver bromide, 201
Silver chloride, 199
Silver cyanide, 203, 292
Silver iodide, 201
Silver nitrate, 199, 202
Silver oxide, 198
Silver sulphate, 198
Silver sulphide, 298
Silver-plating, 203
Slate, 169
Smelling-salts, 195
Smithsonite, 225
Smoke-consumers, 88
Snow, 43
Soap, 186, 319
Soda, x36
Sodium, 183
Sodium acetate, 306
Sodium bicarbonate, 189
Sodium borate, 165
Sodium carbonate, 186
Sodium chlorate, 125
Sodium chloride, 185
Sodium hydrogen sulphite, 140
Sodium hydroxide, 186
Sodium hypochlorite, 123
Sodium hyposulphite, r41
Sodium nitrate, i89
Sodium oxides, i86
Sodium phosphate, 189
Sodium salicylate, 333
Sodium silicate, 169
Sodium stannate, 241
Sodium sulphate, 189
Sodium Thiosulphate, 141
Sodium tungstate, 258
Sodium uranate, 258
Solanine, 341
Solution 44
Sombrerite, 151
Spathle ciron-ore, 264
Specific gravity, 44
Scecific heat, 259
Spectrometer, 215
Spectroscope, 214. 216
Spectrum, absorption, 218
Spectrum, bright line, 2r3
Spectrum, continuous, 218
Spectrum, nebular, 220
Spectrum, solar, 220_
Spectrum, stellar, 220
Spectrum analysis, 213
Spelter, 225
Spermaceti, 300
Spiegeleisen, 267
Spirit-lamp, 86
Spirits of wine, 300
Stalactite and stalagmite, 208
Starch, 326
Steam, 42
Stearin, 319
Steel, 263
Stibines, 289
Stibnite, 249
Stoicbiometry, 73
Strontium, 205
Strontium, salts of, 2I0
Structural formulae, 107
Strychnine, 341
Substitution compounds, 288
Sucrose, 323
Sugar, cane, 323
Sugar, fruit, 325
Sugar, grape, 325
Sugar, milk, 324
Sugar of lead, 306
Sulphocarbamide, 295
Sulphocarbonyl, 295
Sulpho-salts, 163
Sulphourea, 295
Sulphur, 132
Sulphur, acids of, 141
Sulphur, chloride, 143
Sulphur, oxides, 138
Sulphuretted hydrogen, 136
Sulphuryl chloride, 148
Superphosphates, 210
Syenite, 169
Symbols of the elemeng, 9, 66
Synthesis, 8
Talc, 223
Tannin, 343
Tantalum, 252
Tartar, 314
Tartar-emetic, 315
Tea, 339
Tellurium, 150
Terbium, 237
Terpenes, 335
Thallium, 203
Thehaine, 340_
Thenard's blue, 274
Theobromine, 340
Thermometric scales, 42
Thorium, 239
Tin, 239
Tin, compounds of, 240, 241
Tin-plate, 240
Tinstone, 239
Titanium, 239
Tobacco, 339
Toluene, 334
Toluidine, 334
Topaz, 169, 233
Trap, 169
Trinitrophenol, 331
Tungsten, 257
Turpentine, 338
Turquoise, 235
Type-metal, 248
Ultramarine, 235
Unsaturated compounds, 208
Uranium, 258
Urea, 294
Valency, 105, 157
Vanadium, 247
Vanilline, 343
Venetian red, 271
Verdigris, 306
Vermilion, 229
Vinegar, 305
Vitriol, blue, 277
Vitriol, green, 270
Vitriol, oil of, 142
Vitriol, White, 227
Water, 32
Water, hard, 45
Water, mineral, 45
Water, of constitution, 224
Water, of crystallization, 48, 165, 224
Water, rain, 45
Water, sea, 45
Water, soft, 45
Water-glass, 269
White-lead, 244
White-vitriol, 227
Williamson's blue, 293
Wolfram, 257
Wood-spirit, 298
Wrought-iron, 265
Ytterbium, 237
Yttrium, 237
Zinc, 225
Zinc, compounds of, 226, 227
Zinc, granulated, 15, 226
Zincite, 225
Zircon, 239
Zirconium, 239