ATOCI: The Art of Tanning Leather. 1857 [TAOTL]

CONTENTS.

PREFACE. 11

CHAPTER I.
INTRODUCTION.
RETURNS OF THE CENSUS OF A.D. 1852, SHOWING THE CONDITION OF THE TANNING INTEREST. 13

CHAPTER II.
THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF SKINS SUITABLE FOR TANNING - BUENOS AYRES HIDES - BRAZILIAN HIDES - COW HIDES - AMERICAN OX-HIDES. - SPANISH OR SOUTH AMERICAN DRY HIDES - CALCUTTA OR NAGORE HIDES - CLAF SKINS - HORSE HIDES - GOAT SKINS - SHEEP SKINS - DEER SKINS - AND THE MODE OF SALTING HIDES. 37

CHAPTER III.
STRUCTURE AND COMPOSISTION OF THE SKIN - FIBRINE - GELATINE - ALBUMEN - ANIMAL MATTER - TANNIC ACID UNITING WITH GELATINE AND FORMING LEATHER. 59

CHAPTER IV.
SOAKING, SOFTENING, AND WASHING HIDES - AN ILLUSTRATION, WITH A DESCRIPTION OF THE HIDE MILL AND WASHING MACHINE. 69

CHAPTER V.
COMPOSITION NO. 1.
FOR REMOVING HAIR, WOOL, GREASE, MUCUS, AND OTHER IMPURITIES FROM THE SKINS - AN ILUSTRATION, WITH A FULL DESCRITION OF THE BEAM HOUSE. 81

CHAPTER VI.
REDUCING THE SKINS TO THEIR ORIGINAL THICKNESS. 91

CHAPTER VII.
THE PROPERTIES OF THE INGREDIENTS USED IN THE COMPOSITION RFOR TANNING - THEIR EFFECTS UPON THE HIDES - THE PLACES OF PRODUCTION - THE NEW YORK PRICES. 95

CHAPTER VIII.
COMPOSITION #2
FOR TANNING - THE PROPER PROPORTIONS OF INGREDIENTS WITH FULL AND CLEAR DIRECTIONS FOR USING THEM - A DESCRIPTION OF HTE BARKOMETER. 109

CHAPTER IX.
EXAMPLE.
TANNING ONE HUNDRED COMMON SIZED CALF SKINS. 121

CHAPTER X.
EXAMPLE.
TANNING THIRTY OX-HIDES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PATENT LEATHER - THE HANDLING HOUSE, WITH NOTES - SPLITTING MACHINE. 133

CHAPTER XI.
EXAMPLE.
TANNIGN FIFTY SIDES OF SOLE LEATER. 149

CHAPTER XII.
CURRYING AND FINISHING LEATHER - SHAVING HARNESS LEATHER - BLACKED BRIDLE - RUSSET BRIDLE - HORSE LEATHER - WAX LEATHER - GRAINED LEATHER - PATENT LEATHER. 167

CHAPTER XIII.
THE TEXTURE AND QUAQLITY OF LEATHER. 185

CHAPTER XIV.
REMARKS ON TANNING - ILLUSTRATION OF CLINTON TANNERY, WITH NOTES. 195

CHAPTER XV.
A WORD OF CHEER TO THE HEARTY TANNER. 217

CHAPTER XVI.
THE TANNER'S CHEER
ILLUSTRATED BY A PARTY OF TANNERS SINGING THE WORDS TO THE TUNE OF THE MARSEILLAISE HYMN. 243

CHAPTER XVII.
COPY OF PATENT GRANTED, IN THE UNITED STATES, ON THE 14TH DAY OF APRIL, 1857. 249

CHAPTER XVIII.
COPY OF SPECIFICATION OF PATENT. 253

INDEX
Advantages of this Process. 32
American Ox-hides, 41
African hides, 45
African. Skins. 61
Albumen, nature of. 61
Buenos Ayres Hides. 38
Brazilian hides. 39
Bull Hides. 41
Beam House, 81
Bating. 91
Census-Tanning Interest in 1855. 2
Capitalists, Facts and Estimates for. 28
Cow-hides. 40
Calcutta, or Nagore Hides. 46
Calf skins. 48
Chemistry Defined. 97
Clinton Tannery. 195
Copy of Patent. 249
Copy of Specification. 253
Depilation, Rationale of. 15
Domestic or Slaughtered Hides. 44
Deer-skins,54
Epidermis. 62
Example of Tanning One hundred Calf-skins, 121
Example of Tanning Ox-hides for Patent Leather. 133
Example of Tanning Sole-leather. 149
France - Its Trade in Leather. 19
Fibrine, Nature of, 62
Goat-skins. 51
Gelatine, Mulder's View of. 65
Grained leather, - 178
Hair, Primitive Mode of Removing. 15
Hides, Suitable for Tanning, 35
Hides, Buenos Ayres, 38
Hides, Brazilian, 39
Hides, Large Ox, 40
Hides, Bull, 41
Hides, From Diseased Carcass, 43
Hides, Frauds in Sale of, 43
Hides, Domestic Slaughtered, 44
Hides, California, 44
Hides, Spanish and African, 45
Hides, Nagore, 46
Hides, Yearlings, 45
Hides, Horse, 51
Hides, Mode of Salting, 5
Hides, Washing and soaking, 69
Ingredients - Used in Tanning, 95
Ingredients - Properties. 99
Lime, Use of, in Tanning, 15
Lime, Its Effects on Hides, 81
Lime, Its Antiseptic Properties. 88
Liquor for Coloring and Graining. 122
Leather, Statistics of, 22
Leather, Egyptian Workers of, 14
Leather, Steps in Manufacture of, 14
Leather, Currying and Finishing of, 167-Shaving, 168
Leather, Harness, 176
Leather, Blacked Bridle, 177
Leather, Russet Bridle, 178
Leather, Horse, 118
Leather, Wax, 118
Leather, Grained, 178
Leather, Patent, 179
Leather, Texture and Quality of, 185
Leather, Bloomed, 190
Leather, Examination of, 192
Leather, Its Antiquity, 206
Leather, Manufacture of, 207
Madagascar Hides. 45
Mechanics, True Position of. 217
Method, One - Year's Work - by Old, 28
Method, One - Year's Work - By New, 29
Method, Advantages of New, 32
Method, Saving by New. 32
Ox-hides for Patent Leather. 133
Patent Leather, Hides. Used for. 44
Sir Humphrey Davy and Others, Investigations of 16
Skins, Calf, 48
Skins, Goat, 51
Skins, Sheep, 52
Skins, Deer, 54
Skins, Composition of, 59
Skins, African, 6 1
Skins, Liquor for Coloring and Graining. 122
Spanish Hides. 45
Salting H1des. 55
Splitting-machine. o 141
Tannery, Clinton, 195
Tannin, Mulder's Opinion of, 65
Tannin, Affinity with Gluten, 66
Tanning, Antiquity of, 14
Tanning, How Effected, 17
Tanning, Advantages of Patent Process of, 26
Tanning, Ingredients Used in, 95
Tanning, Composition for, 109
Tanning, Composition No. 2, 110
Unhairing, Composition for, 81
Unhairing, Drawbacks. on the Old Plan, 87
Unhairing, Remarks on. 195
Work by Old Method, 28
Work by New Method. 29
Water, the Influence of its Quality in Tanning, 75
Water, Rain the Purest, 77
Yearlings, Hides of Neat. 45